ok here are the steps for linux networking hardware:
while logged in as root in a terminal:
lspci ------this will list all pci devices recognized by your system,check for the NIC your using
lsmod ---------this will list the kernel modules that are already loaded(kernel modules are like drivers in windows), check to see if one is loaded already for your NIC
no module loaded?load one....use modprobe or insmod to load one, not sure which one to use, look for it in /usr/src/linux~/drivers/net , you wont need to type the ".o" part, just its name without the ".o"
example insmod 3c509 or modprobe 3c509 will attempt to load the module for 3com509 series cards
now supposing the kernel already sees the NIC AND a module has been already loaded for it, then use ifconfig to set an IP address
example ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.2 up
if routing is needed add that with the route command:
route add default gw 192.168.0.1
the above two commands set up network sharing with a gateway @192.168.0.1
add appropriate dns#'s to /etc/resolv.conf and your done
some distro's like redhat and Fedora probably have a netconfig script, give it a try type netcon(tab key) for autocomplete and see what pops up, you will likely find a primitive GUI to do all of this
if using DHCP I cant help with that, they are all different with DHCP as how that is handled