I'll see if I can explain a few of those things for you.
ARCHITECTURE
The number part of the chip architecture (e.g. 45nm) is how big in nanometers the transistors are on the cpu. Obviously, if they are smaller, more can fit. Meaning faster cpu.
The name is just that, a name. Code-name given by Intel to differentiate between the different processor types.
CACHE.
It is VERY important, and is basically what the cpu uses to quickly store and retrieve some of the data it processes. The more cache a processor has, the faster it will be.
FSB
the Front Side Bus carries information between the cpu and the northbridge on your motherboard. The northbridge handles a lot of important communication between your RAM, CPU, etc. So the faster your fsb is the better.
SOCKET TYPE
You got the right idea with the socket type. They change after a while, as better ideas get processed, but they only really matter to you in terms of getting a mothereboard which has the correct socket for your cpu
lol, all I've got time for atm, hope that clears up a few things for you.
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